复杂性文摘 NO：2004.32

Complexity Digest 2004.32

Archive: http://www.comdig.org, European Mirror: http://www.comdig.de Asian
Mirror: http://www.phil.pku.edu.cn/resguide/comdig/ (Chinese GB-Code) "I think
the next century will be the century of complexity." Stephen Hawking

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Content:

01. A Breed Apart - Olympic Athletes Are On The Edge Of Normal Physiology,
Nature
01.01. Study Suggests Humans Can Speed Evolution, ScienceDaily
02. What Dreams Are Made Of, Newsweek
02.01. Pain In The Brain: It's Not What You Imagine, Alphagalileo
02.02. Depression Traced To Overactive Brain Circuit, ScienceDaily
03. The Pleasure Of Learning, Nature
03.01. Science Secret Of Grand Masters Revealed, Nature
03.02. Semantic Linking - a Context-Based Approach to Interactivity in
Hypermedia, arXiv
04. Ice Age Cereal - Seeds On A 22,000 ear-Old Grindstone, Science Now
04.01. Saving The Whales: Lessons From The Extinction Of The Eastern Arctic
Bowhead, J. Econ. History
04.02. Expecting the Unexpected, Futures
05. That's My Hand! Activity in Premotor Cortex Reflects Feeling of Ownership
of a Limb, Science
05.01. Probing the Neural Basis of Body Ownership, Science
05.02. Social Status Influences Brain Structure, Nature
06. Parasitic Birds 'Happy To Share', BBC News Online
07. Birds Flew Earlier Than Previously Thought, Scientists Say, NY Times
07.01. Flying Dinosaur Had 'Bird Brain', Nature
08. Salmon Give Birth To Trout, Nature
08.01. Cell Swap Could Help Conservation, BBC News
09. The Ubiquity Of Small Species: Patterns Of Local And Global Diversity,
BioScience
10. A Proposal for Using the Ensemble Approach to Understand Genetic Regulatory
Networks, Journal of Theoretical Biology
10.01. Modeling A Synthetic Multicellular Clock: Repressilators Coupled By
Quorum Sensing, PNAS
10.02. Defibrillators Get Less Shocking, Nature
11. POEtic: An Electronic Tissue for Bio-inspired Cellular Applications,
Biosystems
12. Separating Internal and External Dynamics of Complex Systems, Phys. Rev.
Lett.
13. Invisible Cities: A Metaphorical Complex Adaptive System, Festina Lente
Press
14. Blown By Wind: Nonlinear Dynamics Of Aeolian Sand Ripples, Physica D
15. The Assessment Of Social Functioning In Individuals With Mental
Retardation: A Review, Behav. Modification
16. Rolling Down the Highway, Looking Out for Flawed Elections, NY Times
16.01. Electronic Voting Still Controversial, NPR TOTN
17. Diplomacy Fails to Slow Advance of Nuclear Arms, NY Times
17.01. Korean Missile Said to Advance; U.S. Is Unworried, NY Times
17.02. Washington's Gift to Bomb Makers, NYTimes
17.03. US Anti-Drug Campaign 'Failing', BBC News
18. New Rules on When to Go to War, Financial Times
19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks
19.01. Senate Told 9-11 Reform Devil Is In Detail, UPI
19.02. Qaeda Strategy Is Called Cause for New Alarm, NY Times
19.03. Road to Al Qaeda runs through Pakistan, Christian Science Monitor
19.04. How The Pakistani Double Agent Was urned?By The US, Pakistan Daily
Times
19.05. Defense Dept. Hopes To Enlist AI In War Against Terrorism, Mercury News
19.06. f. Impervious Shield Elusive Against Drive-By Terrorists, Washington
Post
20. Links & Snippets
20.01. Other Publications
20.02. Webcast Announcements
20.03. Conference & Call for Papers Announcements

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01. A Breed Apart - Olympic Athletes Are On The Edge Of Normal Physiology ,
Nature

Excerpts: Only those whose genes are preset for maximal athletic performance
will ever join the ite band of Olympic athletes. Eero M tyranta, the 1964
Finnish cross-country skiing gold medallist, for example, had a mutation in the
gene encoding for erythropoietin, a protein that regulates the production of
red blood cells, which sports scientists believe accounted for his
extraordinary stamina. There are hundreds of other genes ?from those
determining body proportions to those optimizing oxygen and nutrient
utilization by muscles ?that help tip the balance towards itism.

* A Breed Apart - Olympic Athletes Are On The Edge Of Normal Physiology, Alison
Abbott  , 04/08/05, DOI: 10.1038/430603a, Nature 430, 603


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01.01. Study Suggests Humans Can Speed Evolution , ScienceDaily

Excerpts: It's no secret that life in the 21st century moves at a rapid pace.
Human inventions such as the Internet, mobile phones and fiber optic cable have
increased the speed of communication, making it possible for someone to be
virtually in two places at once. But can humans speed up the rate of one of
nature's most basic and slowest processes, evolution? (...) humans may have
sped up the evolutionary clock for one species of fish. Cichlid fish are well
known to biologists for their rapid rate of evolution. (...) the fish had
evolved into two genetically distinct varieties in less than 20 years.

* Study Suggests Humans Can Speed Evolution, 2004/08/05, ScienceDaily & Georgia
Institute Of Technology
* Contributed by Atin Das


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02. What Dreams Are Made Of , Newsweek

Excerpts:


Barbara Ess for Newsweek



New technology is helping brain scientists unravel the mysteries of the night.
Their work could show us all how to make the most of our time in bed.

The long-range goal of dream research is a comprehensive explanation of the
connections between sleeping and waking, a multidimensional picture of
consciousness and thought 24 hours a day. In the meantime, dream science is
helping us understand and treat depression, posttraumatic stress, anxiety and a
whole range of other problems. Neuroscientists are gleaning insights into how
we learn by studying the physiology of dreaming in adults and children.
Psychologists are also studying dreams to learn how both ordinary people and
great artists resolve problems in their life and work by "sleeping on it."

* What Dreams Are Made Of, Barbara Kantrowitz  , Karen Springen  , 04/08/09,
Newsweek


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02.01. Pain In The Brain: It's Not What You Imagine , Alphagalileo

Excerpts: Researchers are one step closer to unravelling the mystery of
medically unexplained pain such as chronic low back pain, which continues to
baffle doctors. A study exploring the experience of pain in hypnotised
volunteers has found that some types of pain which cannot be traced to a
medical condition may have its origins in our brains, not in our bodies. The
study (...) found that volunteers who felt pain as a result of hypnotic
suggestion showed strikingly similar brain activity to those subjected to
physical pain via pulses of heat at 49 degrees Celsius.

* Pain In The Brain: It's Not What You Imagine, J. Gimpel j.gimpel@ucl.ac.uk ,
2004/08/06, Alphagalileo
* Contributed by Atin Das


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02.02. Depression Traced To Overactive Brain Circuit , ScienceDaily

Excerpts: A brain imaging study (...) has found that an emotion-regulating
brain circuit is overactive in people prone to depression - even when they are
not depressed. Researchers discovered the abnormality in brains of those whose
depressions relapsed when a key brain chemical messenger was experimentally
reduced. Even when in remission, most subjects with a history of mood disorder
experienced a temporary recurrence of symptoms when their brains were
experimentally sapped of tryptophan, the chemical precursor of serotonin, the
neurotransmitter that is boosted by antidepressants. Neither a placebo
procedure in patients nor tryptophan depletion in healthy volunteers triggered
the mood and brain activity changes. (...)

* Depression Traced To Overactive Brain Circuit, 2004/08/04, ScienceDaily & NIH
/ National Institute Of Mental Health
* Contributed by Atin Das


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03. The Pleasure Of Learning , Nature

Excerpts: In my subsequent 40 years of research, there have been times of
stress, frustration and disappointment. These are suffered in the hope that a
discovery will bring everlasting joy, fame and fortune. But this is not a life.
The fun and excitement must be daily ?in the challenge of creating an
instrument and seeing it work, the joy of communicating to colleagues and
students, the pleasure of learning something new, in lectures, corridors and
journals. And underlying it all, the sense of wonder that nature is
comprehensible.

* The Pleasure Of Learning, Leon Lederman , 04/08/05, DOI: 10.1038/430617a,
Nature 430, 617


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03.01. Science Secret Of Grand Masters Revealed , Nature

Excerpts: She found that novices were more likely to convince themselves that
bad moves would work out in their favour, because they focused more on the
countermoves that would benefit their strategy while ignoring those that led to
the downfall of their cherished hypotheses.

Conversely, masters tended to correctly predict when the eventual outcome of a
move would weaken their position. "Grand masters think about what their
opponents will do much more," says Byrne. "They tend to falsify their own
hypotheses."

* Science Secret Of Grand Masters Revealed, Mark Peplow  , 04/08/06, DOI:
10.1038/news040802-19, Nature News


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03.02. Semantic Linking - a Context-Based Approach to Interactivity in
Hypermedia , arXiv

Abstract: The semantic Web initiates new, high level access schemes to online
content and applications. One area of superior need for a redefined content
exploration is given by on-line educational applications and their concepts of
interactivity in the framework of open hypermedia systems. In the present paper
we discuss aspects and opportunities of gaining interactivity schemes from
semantic notions of components. A transition from standard educational
annotation to semantic statements of hyperlinks is discussed. Further on we
introduce the concept of semantic link contexts as an approach to manage a
coherent rhetoric of linking. A practical implementation is introduced, as
well. Our semantic hyperlink implementation is based on the more general
Multimedia Information Repository MIR, an open hypermedia system supporting the
standards XML, Corba and JNDI.

* Semantic Linking - a Context-Based Approach to Interactivity in Hypermedia,
Michael Engelhardt , Thomas C. Schmidt , 2004/07/31, DOI: cs.IR/0408001, arXiv
* Contributed by Carlos Gershenson


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04. Ice Age Cereal - Seeds On A 22,000 ear-Old Grindstone , Science Now

Excerpts: By measuring how much starch the seeds contained?...)--they found
that only two of the 34 species of grass were on the grinding stone: wild
barley and wheat. That makes sense, Piperno says, because unlike other wild
grasses, both wheat and barley have to be pounded or ground to remove the
fibrous outer hull to achieve maximum nutritional benefit.(...)

Extensive carbon-14 dating of the site places occupation at 23,500 to 22,500
years ago, more than 10,000 years before wheat and barley were domesticated in
the region.

* Ice Age Cereal - Seeds On A 22,000 ear-Old Grindstone, Deborah Hill  ,
04/08/04, Science Now


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04.01. Saving The Whales: Lessons From The Extinction Of The Eastern Arctic
Bowhead , J. Econ. History

Abstract: In this article we investigate the possibility that a regulatory
regime designed to maximize the profitability of the early Dutch whaling
industry could have simultaneously guaranteed the biological sustainability of
the eastern Arctic Bowhead whale. We find that policies with economic profit as
the sole objective could have saved the whales, as well as increasing the
incomes of the whalers, under assumptions commonly made in fisheries models.
However, the necessary assumptions are implausible. Under more historically
relevant assumptions we find that regulation could not have simultaneously
increased profits and preserved the stock of whales.

* Saving The Whales: Lessons From The Extinction Of The Eastern Arctic Bowhead,
R. C. Allen bob.allen@nuffield.oxford.ac.uk , I. Keay ikeay@qed.econ.queensu.ca
, Jun. 2004, Online 2004/06/10, DOI: 10.1017/S0022050704002748, The Journal of
Economic History
* Contributed by Pritha Das


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04.02. Expecting the Unexpected , Futures

Excerpts: The only certain aspect of the future is that it will be different.
Little of our prospect can be seen with confidence, but one idea which shall
surely not survive is that of the readily foreseeable future. Many thinkers are
now less interested in predicting and thus determining the future, precisely
because they do not believe that linear, programmatic determinism is the right
angle of attack. They see themselves more as conceptual gardeners, planting for
fruitful growth, rather than engineers designing eternal, gray social machines.
(...) The most difficult of all predictions is how all these social and
scientific forces will intermingle, yielding a world as different from ours as
we are from the optimistic security of 1900.

* Expecting the Unexpected, Gregory Benford , 2004/07/14, DOI:
10.1016/j.futures.2004.03.025, Futures, Article in Press, Corrected Proof
* Contributed by Carlos Gershenson


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05. That's My Hand! Activity in Premotor Cortex Reflects Feeling of Ownership
of a Limb , Science

Abstract: When we look at our hands, we immediately know that they are part of
our own body. This feeling of ownership of our limbs is a fundamental aspect of
self-consciousness. (...). A perceptual illusion was used to manipulate
feelings of ownership of a rubber hand presented in front of healthy subjects
while brain activity was measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The
neural activity in the premotor cortex reflected the feeling of ownership of
the hand. This suggests that multisensory integration in the premotor cortex
provides a mechanism for bodily self-attribution.

* That's My Hand! Activity in Premotor Cortex Reflects Feeling of Ownership of
a Limb, H. Henrik Ehrsson , Charles Spence , Richard E. Passingham

, 04/08/06, Science : 875-877


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05.01. Probing the Neural Basis of Body Ownership , Science

Excerpts: In the cognitive sciences, the most challenging phenomena are often
the ones we take for granted in our everyday lives. An excellent example is
body ownership. (...) But how do we distinguish our bodies, but not other
objects, as belonging to ourselves, and what is the basis for the associated
feeling of identification or ownership? (...) only recently has it attracted
the interest of neuroscientists.

(...) body is distinguished from other objects by its involvement in the
correlation or matching of special patterns of intersensory information.

* Probing the Neural Basis of Body Ownership , Matthew Botvinick

, 04/08/06, Science : 782-783


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05.02. Social Status Influences Brain Structure , Nature

Excerpts: Within three days, the males had established their preferred pecking
order: an aggressive leader who attracted the females and three defensive
subordinates.

Two weeks later, the high-status animals were found to have around 30% more
neurons in their hippocampus, a brain region implicated in learning and memory,
than they had before.

Neurons in this area are constantly recycled, says Kozorovitskiy. Around 9,000
new nerve cells are born every day, but most die within a week. In the dominant
animals, however, the new cells survive for longer.

* Social Status Influences Brain Structure, Helen Pilcher  , 04/08/05, DOI:
10.1038/news040802-18, Nature News


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06. Parasitic Birds 'Happy To Share' , BBC News Online

Excerpts:


Traditional theory predicts that parasitic birds should push host chicks from
the nest



A type of parasitic bird, which is reared by unrelated host "parents", is happy
to share its nest with the host's babies, (...).

Traditional theory predicts that parasitic birds should push host chicks from
the nest, to avoid sharing food.(...)

This occupation requires a rather nomadic life-style: the cowbirds are obliged
to go where the herds go. This makes bringing up young problematic.

Nest-building and chick-rearing fixes you to the spot for a while, which the
cowbirds can little afford.

* Parasitic Birds 'Happy To Share', Julianna Kettlewell  , 04/08/06, BBC News
Online


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07. Birds Flew Earlier Than Previously Thought, Scientists Say , NY Times

Excerpts: Scientists have determined that the ancient avian fossil
Archaeopteryx was definitely bird-brained, meaning no disrespect. (...)

The new research suggested, moreover, that birds probably started flying
millions of years earlier than scientists previously thought. It is just that
fossils of the first flying birds have eluded paleontologists.

(...) first X-ray examination and reconstruction of the braincase and inner ear
of a 147-million-year-old Archaeopteryx specimen. They found that the size,
shape and volume of its brain were similar to that the modern eagle or sparrow.

* Birds Flew Earlier Than Previously Thought, Scientists Say, John Noble
Wilford  , 04/08/04, NYTimes


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07.01. Flying Dinosaur Had 'Bird Brain' , Nature

Excerpts:


Archaeopteryx: now officially the world's most primitive bird.

?SRL





It was half-bird, half-reptile and it soared above the still lagoons of Bavaria
147 million years ago. Researchers have confirmed that Archaeopteryx had a
brain and body geared for flight, earning it the moniker of the world's most
primitive bird.

Ever since the first fossilized remains were found in 1861, Archaeopteryx has
courted controversy. The enigma combines the feathered wings and wishbone of
birds with the teeth and long, bony tail characteristic of reptiles, causing
many to view it as an intermediate between the two groups.

* Flying Dinosaur Had 'Bird Brain', Helen Pilcher  , 04/08/04, DOI:
10.1038/news040802-9, Nature News


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08. Salmon Give Birth To Trout , Nature

Excerpts: Japanese researchers have pioneered a breeding technique that allows
salmon to father baby trout. (...).

The researchers managed to create male salmon that produce sperm of a closely
related trout species. When used to fertilize trout eggs, the sperm produced
perfectly healthy young trout, (...).

The technique involves cells called primordial germ cells (PGCs), which are
found in embryos and can develop into either eggs or sperm. Yoshizaki's team
injected PGCs from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) into young male masu
salmon (Oncorhynchus masou), and let the salmon mature.

* Salmon Give Birth To Trout, Michael Hopkin  , 04/08/04, DOI:
10.1038/news040802-10, Nature News


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08.01. Cell Swap Could Help Conservation , BBC News

Excerpts:


Trout, like this five-month old juvenile, were created using surrogate sperm
from salmon



Japanese scientists have developed a new kind of assisted reproduction for
animals, in which one species can create another.

They implanted tissue from trout embryos into salmon embryos; and when the
salmon became adults and mated, they produced trout.

The researchers suggest this could be a way to improve the chances of
endangered species,
(...).

When the salmon had grown to maturity and mated with each other, most of the
offspring were trout-salmon hybrids which died quickly.

However, some were pure trout - an identity confirmed by genetic analysis.

* Cell Swap Could Help Conservation, Richard Black
  , 04/08/05, BBC


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09. The Ubiquity Of Small Species: Patterns Of Local And Global Diversity ,
BioScience

Abstract: Small organisms (less than 1 millimeter in length) tend to have a
cosmopolitan distribution. This is a consequence of huge absolute population
sizes rather than any inherent properties of particular taxonomic groups. At
the local scale, the diversity of small species exceeds that of larger
organisms, but at the global scale this relation is reversed, because endemism
is largely responsible for the species richness of large organisms. For small
organisms, the relationship between species and area is flat, and a latitudinal
diversity gradient is absent or weak. These patterns are explained by some of
the assumptions underlying the unified neutral community model.

* The Ubiquity Of Small Species: Patterns Of Local And Global Diversity, T.
Fenchel  , B. J. Finlay , Aug. 2004, BioScience
* Contributed by Pritha Das


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10. A Proposal for Using the Ensemble Approach to Understand Genetic Regulatory
Networks , Journal of Theoretical Biology

Excerpt: Understanding the genetic regulatory network comprising genes, RNA,
proteins and the network connections and dynamical control rules among them, is
a major task of contemporary systems biology. I focus here on the use of the
ensemble approach to find one or more well-defined ensembles of model networks
whose statistical features match those of real cells and organisms. Such
ensembles should help explain and predict features of real cells and organisms.
More precisely, an ensemble of model networks is defined by constraints on the
"wiring diagram" of regulatory interactions, and the "rules" governing the
dynamical behavior of regulated components of the network. The ensemble
consists of all networks consistent with those constraints. (...)

* A Proposal for Using the Ensemble Approach to Understand Genetic Regulatory
Networks, Stuart Kauffman , 2004/07/28, DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2003.12.017,
Journal of Theoretical Biology, Article in Press, Corrected Proof
* VIDEO - Understanding Genetic Regulatory Networks: The Ensemble Approach -
Stuart Kauffman @ ICCS04
* Contributed by Carlos Gershenson


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10.01. Modeling A Synthetic Multicellular Clock: Repressilators Coupled By
Quorum Sensing , PNAS

Author's Summary: This paper asks how one might couple a population of
synthetic gene
oscillators, known as "repressilators," in such a way that they will
self-synchronize, despite the heterogeneity in the cells themselves. The
scheme proposed here seems to be biochemically feasible, and works well in
numerical simulations. It relies on the sort of technical wizardry made
possible today by genetic engineering; the cells are coaxed to interact by
the "quorum-sensing" mechanism that operates between certain bacterial
cells, mediated by the diffusion of a signaling molecule. The goal is to
synthesize the analog of a multicellular biological clock.
  (See more detailed summary.)

* Modeling A Synthetic Multicellular Clock: Repressilators Coupled By Quorum
Sensing, Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo , Michael B. Elowitz , Steven H. Strogatz ,
04/07/27, PNAS, vol. 101 | no. 30 | 10955-10960


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10.02. Defibrillators Get Less Shocking , Nature

Excerpts: Heart attacks increase the risk of fibrillation because they leave
scars of dead tissue inside the heart, (...). This allows rotating electrical
waves to develop around these areas, which disrupt the heart's normal
electrical activity. (...).

Efimov has modelled these waves to come up with a gentler way to restart the
heart. By timing the shock so that it arrives just as the wave is passing
around the scar tissue, he says it is possible to dislodge and quench the
electrical tornado using only half a joule of energy (...).

* Defibrillators Get Less Shocking, Mark Peplow  , 04/08/05, Nature News


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11. POEtic: An Electronic Tissue for Bio-inspired Cellular Applications ,
Biosystems

Abstract: In this paper, we introduce the general architecture of a new
electronic tissue called POEtic. This reconfigurable circuit is designed to
ease the implementation of bio-inspired systems that bring cellular
applications into play. It contains special features that allow a developer to
realize systems that require evolution (Phylogenesis), development
(Ontogenesis), and/or learning (Epigenesis). A dynamic routing algorithm has
been added to a structure similar to that of common commercial FPGAs ["Field
Programmable Gate-Array", Ed.], in order to allow the creation of data paths
between cells. As the creation of these paths is dynamic, it is possible to add
new cells or to repair faulty ones at runtime.

* POEtic: An Electronic Tissue for Bio-inspired Cellular Applications, Yann
Thoma , Gianluca Tempesti , Eduardo Sanchez , Juan-Manuel Moreno Arostegui ,
2004/07/23, DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2004.05.023, Biosystems, Article in
Press, Corrected Proof
* Contributed by Carlos Gershenson


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12. Separating Internal and External Dynamics of Complex Systems , Phys. Rev.
Lett.

Excerpts: The observable behavior of a complex system reflects the mechanisms
governing the internal interactions between the system's components and the
effect of external perturbations. Here we show that by capturing the
simultaneous activity of several of the system's components we can separate the
internal dynamics from the external fluctuations. The method allows us to
systematically determine the origin of fluctuations in various real systems,
finding that while the Internet and the computer chip have robust internal
dynamics, highway and Web traffic are driven by external demand. As
multichannel measurements are becoming the norm in most fields, the method
could help uncover the collective dynamics of a wide array of complex systems.

* Separating Internal and External Dynamics of Complex Systems, M. Argollo de
Menezes , A.-L. Barab i , 04/08/06, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 068701
See also  PowerPoint presentation


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13. Invisible Cities: A Metaphorical Complex Adaptive System , Festina Lente
Press

Excerpts: "Invisible Cities: A Metaphorical Complex Adaptive System" mirrors
the nine
chapter format of "Invisible Cities" to discuss nine principles of cas, adapted

from computer scientist and complexity expert, John Holland's "seven basics"
shared by all cas. In place of Marco Polo's accounts of cities found in
Calvino's work, "Invisible Cities: A Metaphorical Complex Adaptive System"
gives examples of the principles of cas drawn from the physical and biological

sciences, the arts, philosophy, and games.

* Invisible Cities: A Metaphorical Complex Adaptive System, Chlo?E. Atreya  ,
Festina Lente Press, 172 pp, 50 original
illustrations, ISBN 0-9754347-0-5, 2004



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14. Blown By Wind: Nonlinear Dynamics Of Aeolian Sand Ripples , Physica D

Excerpts: A nonlinear continuum model is considered that describes the dynamics
of two-dimensional aeolian sand ripples. (...) shows that a flat sand bed
exposed to the action of wind is linearly unstable to long-wavelength
perturbations. As the ripples grow, nonlinear effects become important, ripples
become asymmetric and the wavelength increases due to merging events. A
long-wavelength approximation to the full integral model is then derived. The
ripple field produced by the long-wave theory undergoes coarsening, drifts
downwind and displays bifurcations and defects which move from one ripple to
another, similar to what is observed for sand ripples in the desert.

* Blown By Wind: Nonlinear Dynamics Of Aeolian Sand Ripples, H. Yizhaq
yiyeh@bgumail.bgu.ac.il , N. J. Balmforth njb@ams.ucsc.edu , A. Provenzale
a.provenzale@isac.cnr.it , 2004/08/15, online 2004/06/26, DOI:
10.1016/j.physd.2004.03.015, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena
* Contributed by Atin Das


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15. The Assessment Of Social Functioning In Individuals With Mental
Retardation: A Review , Behav. Modification

Abstract: Social skills deficits and excesses are a defining aspect of mental
retardation (MR). Research indicates that there is an established relationship
between social skills and maladaptive behaviors. A number of studies
demonstrate that the social competence of individuals with MR and comorbid
psychopathology can be enhanced with social skills training. However, to design
an effective training package, an accurate assessment of adaptive and social
functioning must first be conducted. Unique problems arise when assessing
social skills in individuals with severe and profound MR (i.e., individuals
often have limited verbal repertoires). (...)

* The Assessment Of Social Functioning In Individuals With Mental Retardation:
A Review, J. Bielecki  , S. L. Swender , Sep. 2004, DOI:
10.1177/0145445503259828, Behavior Modification
* Contributed by Pritha Das


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16. Rolling Down the Highway, Looking Out for Flawed Elections , NY Times

Excerpts: Ms. Harris worries a lot about this year's election. One of the key
vulnerabilities, she says, is the central tabulator, which could control a
million or more votes in some counties. There will be thousands of election
workers - including temporaries who may not even have had their backgrounds
checked - with access to these computers, who she believes could change vote
totals rapidly. "It isn't hacking an election," she says. "It's editing an
election." She and many computer scientists worry that modems on the machines
will make them vulnerable.
Editor  Note: Now that it seems to be clear that the voting machines cannot be
made secure before November one could expect that the outcome of the election
will be strongly influenced by who is most ruthless and effective in
manipulating the voting machines. (Unless voters can be convinced that voting
machines are not trustworthy and that they have the alternative of voting by
absentee ballots.)

Besides hacking into the computers the votes could also be influenced by
deliberate acts of sabotage like crashing the machines to make them unavailable
(this could even be done remotely e.g. by using EMP devices from an SUV in the
parking lot) or even by cutting power to the poll stations.

Since the anticipated outcomes is known in many districts one could expect that
, e.g. militant activists who want to prevent a re-election of the current
president would target voting machines in predominantly Republican districts.

* Rolling Down the Highway, Looking Out for Flawed Elections, Adam Cohen  ,
04/08/08, NYTimes
See also  Black Box Voting


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16.01. Electronic Voting Still Controversial , NPR TOTN

Excerpts: Across the country, officials must decide if computerized voting
machines are secure and open to audit. We consider the latest in electronic
voting technology.

* Electronic Voting Still Controversial , 04/08/06, NPR TOTN


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17. Diplomacy Fails to Slow Advance of Nuclear Arms , NY Times

Excerpts: American intelligence officials and outside nuclear experts have
concluded that the Bush administration's diplomatic efforts with European and
Asian allies have barely slowed the nuclear weapons programs in Iran and North
Korea over the past year, and that both have made significant progress.

(...) senior administration and intelligence officials say they are seeking
ways to step up unspecified covert actions intended, in the words of one
official, "to disrupt or delay as long as we can" Iran's efforts to develop a
nuclear weapon.

* Diplomacy Fails to Slow Advance of Nuclear Arms, David E. Sanger  , 04/08/08,
NYTimes


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17.01. Korean Missile Said to Advance; U.S. Is Unworried , NY Times

Excerpts: North Korea appears closer to deploying a new mobile ballistic
missile that is a worrisome increase in that nation's military capacity, but
American government officials stressed Wednesday that the weapon could not
reach the continental United States.
(...)

North Korea does not have a submarine capable of carrying the missile to within
striking range of the continental United States. Officials also expressed
doubts that the North Korean government had developed the missile for the
purpose of hiding it inside freighters to be sailed closer to this nation's
shores for launch.

* Korean Missile Said to Advance; U.S. Is Unworried, Thom Shanker , NY Times


_________________________________________________________________

17.02. Washington's Gift to Bomb Makers , NYTimes

Excerpts: There is no bigger and more urgent threat to the security of every
American than the possibility of nuclear bomb materials falling into the wrong
hands. That is why it is astonishing, and frightening, that the Bush
administration is now pushing to strip the teeth from a proposed new treaty
aimed (...) With talks on the new treaty set to begin later this year, the
administration suddenly announced last week that it would insist that no
provisions for inspections or verification be included.

* Washington's Gift to Bomb Makers, 04/08/06, NYTimes


_________________________________________________________________

17.03. US Anti-Drug Campaign 'Failing' , BBC News

Excerpts: US drugs tsar John Walters has admitted that Washington's
anti-narcotics policy in Latin America has so far failed.

Mr Walters said in Mexico that billions of dollars of investment over many
years have failed to dent the flow of Latin American cocaine onto US
streets.(...)


Mr Walters was speaking just after he had visited Colombia, where US-backed
efforts to wipe out drug-smuggling gangs and eradicate coca crops have turned
the country into the world's third-largest recipient of US military aid.

* US Anti-Drug Campaign 'Failing', 04/08/06, BBC News


_________________________________________________________________

18. New Rules on When to Go to War , Financial Times

Excerpts: Underlying the debate about the wisdom of the US-led intervention in
Iraq lies the deeper issue of when, in an age of unconventional threats, to use
military force and whether that force must meet some broadly accepted standard
of "legitimacy". Americans in this presidential election year remain deeply
divided over this issue s do their transatlantic allies and much of the rest
of the world. These divisions will not disappear under a new US president, for
they reflect the realities of today's world far more than the desires of a
particular American administration.

* New Rules on When to Go to War, Ivo H. Daalder , James B.Steinberg  ,
04/08/02, Financial Times


_________________________________________________________________

19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks





_________________________________________________________________

19.01. Senate Told 9-11 Reform Devil Is In Detail , UPI

Excerpts: Brennan also sought to drive home the danger of unintended
consequences in reform.
"What we have found out," he told Sen. Richard Shelby, R-Ala., "is that if you
move something in one part of that architecture, it has an impact somewhere
else where you may not have even anticipated. So you have to make sure that you
understand the totality of what is being affected."(...)

(...) "some of these functions are not well understood yet, and some of the
ideas behind the structure haven't yet been completely formed or understood,
(...).

* Senate Told 9-11 Reform Devil Is In Detail, Shaun Waterman
  , 04/08/03, UPI
Contributed by Stuart Hall


_________________________________________________________________

19.02. Qaeda Strategy Is Called Cause for New Alarm , NY Times

Excerpts: (...) even after extensively considering and then dismissing a
possible target, the terrorists have simply switched their focus to another
location, (...)
Such attention to detail, the willingness to wait for the opportune moment to
attack, and the capacity to revise strategies if necessary, has been
illustrated in other Qaeda operations. The preparations for the Sept. 11
attacks have been well documented, such as the hijackers' use of small rented
aircraft to conduct pre-strike reconnaissance flights near the Pentagon and
their cross-country surveillance flights (...).

* Qaeda Strategy Is Called Cause for New Alarm, Eric Lipton , Benjamin Weiser ,
NY Times


_________________________________________________________________

19.03. Road to Al Qaeda runs through Pakistan , Christian Science Monitor

Excerpts: (...) Pakistan will in turn come under its glare as the United States
and England rachet up efforts to crush Al Qaeda (...).

Pakistan is "widely seen as the ground zero of terrorism," and a "flurry of
arrests over the last 48 hours of suspected Al Qaeda elements, all of whose
trail leads back to Pakistan," further confirms this, reports the Times.

CNN reports that the recent arrests "have exposed an intricate web of Al Qaeda
contacts in which the terror network's operational information flowed among
Pakistan, Britain and the United States."

* Road to Al Qaeda runs through Pakistan, Jim Bencivenga  , 04/08/06, Christian
Science Monitor


_________________________________________________________________

19.04. How The Pakistani Double Agent Was urned?By The US , Pakistan Daily
Times

Excerpts: On 2 August, the Bush administration blew the cover of double agent
Muhammad Naeem Noor Khan. A day earlier, Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge
had announced a new alert against an Al Qaeda plan to attack financial
institutions in New York and Washington. When the New York Times pressed
certain administration officials for more information, they disclosed to the
newspaper that the information regarding the Al Qaeda plot had come from a
recently arrested man in Pakistan named han.?The New York Times published
his name on Monday.

* How The Pakistani Double Agent Was urned?By The US, Khalid Hasan ,
04/08/08, Pakistan Daily Times


_________________________________________________________________

19.05. Defense Dept. Hopes To Enlist AI In War Against Terrorism , Mercury News

Excerpts: (...) used pattern recognition techniques to show that it was
possible to spot odd relationships in data. (...)

The system then recommended that the agent look into a series of events: a
missing persons report filed on an industrial worker, a blueprint of the
switches to a dam found on an Al-Qaida computer, and hacking tools found on
other Al-Qaida computers.

``You could put that together to say that the terrorists were possibly planning
to attack the dam,'' (...) government agents could spend more time
investigating actual incidents, (...).

* Defense Dept. Hopes To Enlist AI In War Against Terrorism, Therese Poletti  ,
04/08/02, Mercury News


_________________________________________________________________

19.06. f. Impervious Shield Elusive Against Drive-By Terrorists , Washington
Post

Excerpts: The United States has spent more than $1 billion (...) to stop a
single threat: the explosion of a car or truck bomb at a government
installation or other structure. (...) nearly three years after the Sept. 11,
2001, terrorist attacks, even senior federal agents acknowledge that the
country has virtually no defense against a terrorist barreling down the street
with a truck bomb.

"If a person doesn't care about dying, they can pull right up to a building,
push a button and the building would go,"(...).

* f. Impervious Shield Elusive Against Drive-By Terrorists , Spencer S. Hsu ,
Sari Horwitz
, 04/08/08, Washington Post Page A01




_________________________________________________________________

20. Links & Snippets





_________________________________________________________________

20.01. Other Publications



- Why Two Sexes?, Vigen A. Geodakian , trans. by Boris Lubachevsky
bdl@bell-labs.com , 1965, arXiv [ auka i Zhizn , DOI: cs.NE/0408006
- Power Laws in Surface Physics: The Deep, the Shallow and the Useful, Joachim
Krug , 2004/09/15, Physica A, 340(4):647-655, DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2004.05.027
- Decoding Least Effort and Scaling in Signal Frequency Distributions, Ramon
Ferrer i Cancho , 2004/07/30, Physica A, Article in Press, Uncorrected Proof,
DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2004.06.158
- Arab-American Faces And Voices: The Origins Of An Immigrant Community by E.
Boosahda, S. Dahlgren susanne.dahlgren@helsinki.fi , Aug. 2004, International
Journal of Middle East Studies, DOI: 10.1017/S0020743804363245
- America's Palestine: Popular And Official Perceptions From Balfour To Israeli
Statehood by L. Davidson, A. Donno andonno@ilenic.unile.it , Aug. 2004,
International Journal of Middle East Studies, DOI: 10.1017/S002074380436318X
- Measures, Explanations And The Past: Should 'Special' Initial Conditions Be
Explained?, Callender C. , Jun. 2004, British Journal for the Philosophy of
Science
- The Biological Reification of Race, Gannett L. , Jun. 2004, British Journal
for the Philosophy of Science
- Reasoning As A Scientist: Ways Of Helping Children To Use Language To Learn
Science, Mercer N.  , Dawes L.  , Wegerif R.  , Sams C. , Jun. 2004, British
Educational Research Journal, DOI: 10.1080/01411920410001689689
- Relativistic Field Theory And Chaotic Dynamics, Y. Tanaka , Jan. 2005, online
2004/04/30, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2004.03.031
- Subjective Life Expectancy Predicts Offspring Sex In A Contemporary British
Population, S. E. Johns , 2004/08/02, Alphagalileo & Biology Letters
- Top-Down Population Regulation Of A Top Predator: Lions In The Ngorongoro
Crater, C. Packer  , B. M. Kissui , 2004/08/02, Alphagalileo & Proceedings B
(Biological Sciences)
- Male Heterozygosity Predicts Territory Size, Song Structure And Reproductive
Success In A Cooperatively Breeding Bird, N. Seddon  , W. Amos R. A. Mulder  ,
J. Tobias , 2004/08/02, Alphagalileo & Proceedings B (Biological Sciences)
- Evolutionary Stability Of Mutualism: Interspecific Population Regulation As
An Evolutionarily Stable Strategy, J. N. Holland  , D. L. DeAngelis  , S. T.
Schultz , 2004/08/02, Alphagalileo & Proceedings B (Biological Sciences)
- Researchers Uncover New Information Source: The Cornea Of The Human Eye,
2004/08/02, ScienceDaily & Columbia University
- Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star, How I Wonder Where You Are, 2004/08/06,
ScienceDaily & Penn State
- Wartime Socialization Of Investment: A Reassessment Of U.S. Capital Formation
In The 1940s, R. Higgs rhiggs@independent.org , Jun. 2004, Online 2004/06/10,
The Journal of Economic History, DOI: 10.1017/S0022050704002773
- Can Transition Dynamics Explain The International Output Data?, C.
Papageorgiou cpapa@lsu.edu , F. P.-Sebastian , Sep. 2004, Macroeconomic
Dynamics, DOI: 10.1017/S136510050403010X
- The Impact Of Early And Late Damage To The Human Amygdala On 'Theory Of Mind'
Reasoning, Shaw P.  , Lawrence E. J.  , Radbourne C.  , Bramham J.  , Polkey C.
E.  , David A. S. , Jul. 2004, Brain, DOI: 10.1093/brain/awh168
- Skin Used to Transmit Key Data, Will Knight , 2004/08/04, NewScientist.com
- Pioneering the Basics for New Kind of Cancer Vaccine, 2004/08/01, Mayo Clinic
in Rochester
- U.S. Opens Effort to Disrupt Plots by Terror Group, Richard W. Stevenson ,
Douglas Jehl , The intelligence that lead to the elevation of the terror threat
level is aiding the U.S. and its allies in its campaign to disrupt terrorist
operations, the White House said.
- The Terror Alerts, The president and his deputies are challenged not only to
renew their war against potential terrorists, but also to earn the confidence
of those they protect.
- Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star, How I Wonder Where You Are, 04/08/05,
Innovations Report
- Skin Used To Transmit Key Data, Will Knight  , 04/08/05, New Scientist
- Experimental Targeting and Control of Spatiotemporal Chaos in Nonlinear
Optics, L. Pastur , L. Gostiaux , U. Bortolozzo , , S. Boccaletti , P. L.
Ramazza  , 04/08/06, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 063902
- Pakistan Pressures Al Qaeda Military Operation Results In Terror Alert and
Arrests, Kamran Khan , Dana Priest  , 04/08/06, The Washington Post,
U.S. money and technology is allowing the Pakistani military to wage an intense
and increasingly effective operation against al Qaeda operatives along its
border with Afghanistan.
- Confusion Mounts Over Threat, U.S. Seeks Balance Between Raising Alerts,
Protecting Sources, John Mintz  , 04/08/06, Washington Post
- Passport ID Technology Has High Error Rate, Jonathan Krim  , 04/08/06,
Washington Post
- Arrested Qaeda Operative: Life of Degrees and Aliases, Amy Waldman

, Muhammad Naeem Noor Khan is the latest example of the young, educated
professionals who have been lured to Al Qaeda.
- Europe Takes New Alerts With Grain of Salt, Katrin Bennhold  , 04/08/06,
NYTimes. The response in Europe to the latest announcement of terror threats in
the U.S. has ranged from calm to cynicism.
- Economic Risks Of High Oil Prices, Sara B. Miller  , Kris Axtman,  ,
04/08/06, The Christian Science Monitor, Energy is credited as a factor behind
slower than expected second-quarter GDP. Most experts see prices staying high.
- Low Numbers, New Problem, Katharine Q. Seely  , 04/08/07, NYTimes
- New Ocean Species Uncovered, 04/08/06,


This new find is unlike most anglerfish



BBC News
- Nasa Powers Up With Supercomputer, Jo Twist  , 04/08/06, BBC News Online
- Failure of Leadership, Bob Herbert  , 04/08/06, NYTimes
- What About Iraq?, Paul Krugman  , 04/08/06, NYTimes
- D.C. May Sue Government If 15th Street Is Closed , Debbi Wilgoren
  , 04/08/07, Washington Post Staff Writer
- Dinosaurs on the Wing , 04/08/06, NPR TOTN, We talk about and new research
into the dinosaur Archaeopteryx. Some scientists say the brains of the small,
meat-eating animal were wired for flight.
- Feds: We Disrupted Al Qaeda Plans, 04/08/08
- International Law Enforcers Support More Cooperation , 04/08/07, NPR Weekend
Edition. In the days since the United States raised its terror alert level,
other nations announce apparent gains in the war on terrorism. International
law enforcement agencies say they want more sharing of information between
countries, more often. NPR's Scott Simon talks with Ronald Noble, the secretary
general of Interpol.
- The 9/11 Commission Report: Limits of Hasty Reform, Michael, E. O'Hanlon  ,
04/08/05, The Washington Times
- The 9/11 Commission Report: Limitations of Imagination, Michael E. O'Hanlon ,
04/08/04, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
- Clue Found to Cognitive Problems in Preemie Boys , 04/08/09, NPR ME,
Researchers have known that boys born prematurely are at a greater risk for
developmental and cognitive problems than girls. A new study finds an
intriguing reason why. Premature boys, by age 8, have less white matter -- the
material that allows different parts of the brain to communicate with each
other. NPR's Michelle Trudeau reports.
- Rice Says Iran Must Not Be Allowed to Develop Nuclear Arms, David E. Sanger ,
The national security adviser warned that President Bush would "look at all the
tools that are available to him" to stop Iran's program.
- New Light on Inflammation-Tumor Link, Key molecule on the road from colitis
to colon cancer identified
- Building Better Bodyguards, Plants can protect themselves from insects by
making ants crave protein
- The Spice of (Insect) Life, Genetic variety within a plant species leads to
more diverse insect
community
- War Games Reveal Hormone To Combat Stress, Maggie McKee  , 04/08/03,
NewScientist. Levels of a particular hormone may influence a person's ability
to cope with stress, suggests a study of soldiers put through a prisoner of war
camp simulation.
- Pakistan Sets Limits To Cooperation With IAEA Probe, 04/08/10, Agence France
Presse (AFP)
- Logging On at 30,000 Feet, BOB TEDESCHI
, In May, Lufthansa introduced the first full-feature, in-flight Internet
service for travelers.
- Terror Fight Turns To Technology, Clark Boyd  , 04/08/08, BBC
- Plan for Europe's Iron Curtain to Go Green , 04/08/09, NPR ATC, During the
Cold War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain, with the line between East
and West marked out with barbed wire, attack dogs and watchtowers. It was a
political scar across the continent, but there are now plans to make the old
border into the longest ecological preserve in the world. NPR's Emily Harris
reports.
- Dynamics Of Endocrine Feedback, Chinmoy K Bose , Bidyut K Sarkar , Sanhita
Sarkar , Banani Bose  , 04/06/21, Intl Soc for Complexity, Information and
Design (ISCID) Forum
- Stopping Alzheimer's: Antibody Thwarts Disease In Mice, Nathan Seppa  ,
04/08/07, Science News
- Untangling Alzheimer's by Paring Plaques Bolsters Amyloid Theory, Mary
Beckman
, 04/08/06, Science
- Lighting The Way For Water: New Strategy For Steering Drops With Finesse,
Alexandra Goho , 04/08/07,


PHOTO SWITCH. Ultraviolet light can move a water drop along a rough
photosensitive surface (left), whereas a drop on a smooth photosensitive
surface (right) stays put and spreads out.

R. Rosario




Science News
- Quantum Dots Light Up Cancer Cells In Mice, 04/08/07, Science News, Brightly
fluorescent crystals known as quantum dots have the potential to seek out
cancerous cells in the body, a trick that could lead to highly precise cancer
screening.
- Physics: Only Skin Deep, William Barnes , Roy Sambles


, 04/08/06, Science, Vol 305, Issue 5685, 785-786. In recent years, there has
been an explosion of interest in controlling the interaction between light and
matter by introducing structure on length scales equal to or smaller than the
wavelength of the light involved.
- Citing 2000 dispute, OSCE to track US presidential vote, Paul Basken  ,
04/08/10, Boston Globe. The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
plans to observe the US presidential election this year, concerned by the
disputed results in 2000, a spokeswoman said.
- OSCE to monitor US presidential election, 04/08/09, China View



_________________________________________________________________

20.02. Webcast Announcements




The 4th Intl Workshop on Meta-synthesis and Complex System, Beijing, China,
04/07/22-23


Intl Conf on Complex Networks: Structure, Function and Processes, Kolkata,
India, 04/06/27-30


 From Autopoiesis to Neurophenomenology: A Tribute to Francisco Varela
(1946-2001), Paris, France, 2004/06/18-20



ECC8 Experimental Chaos Conference, Florence, Italy,
  04/06/14-17



Evolutionary Epistemology, Language, and Culture, Brussels, Belgium,
04/05/26-28


International Conference on Complex Systems 2004, Boston, 04/05/16-21


Life, a Nobel Story, Brussels, Belgium, 04/04/28


Nonlinear Dynamics and Statistical Mechanics Days, Brussels, Belgium,
04/04/26-27


Science Education Forum for Chinese Language Culture, Panel Discussion, Taipei,
Taiwan, 04/05/01


Biologically Inspired Approaches to Advanced Information Technology, ,
Lausanne,Switzerland, 04/01/29-30


Nonlinear Dynamics And Chaos: Lab Demonstrations, Strogatz, Steven H.,
Internet-First University Press, 1994

World Economic Forum 2004, Davos, Switzerland   Riding the Next Democratic
Wave, Al-Thani, Khan, Vike-Freiberga, Wade, Soros, Zakaria, World Economic
Forum, 04/01/25
  The Future of Global Interdependence, Kharrazi, Held, Owens, Shourie, Annan,
Martin, Schwab, World Economic Forum, 04/01/25  Why Victory Against Terrorism
Demands Shared Values

  CODIS 2004, International Conference On Communications, Devices And
Intelligent Systems, 2004 Calcutta, India, 04/01/09-10 EVOLVABILITY &
INTERACTION: Evolutionary Substrates of Communication, Signaling, and
Perception in the Dynamics of Social Complexity, London, UK, 03/10/08-10 The
Semantic Web and Language Technology - Its Po tential and Practicalities,
Bucharest, Romania, 03/07/28-08/08 ECAL 2003, 7th European Conference on
Artificial Life, Dortmund, Germany, 03/09/14-17 New Santa Fe Institute
President About His Vision for SFI's Future Role, (Video, Santa Fe, NM,
03/06/04) SPIE's 1st Intl Symp on Fluctuations and Noise, Santa Fe, NM,
2003/06/01-04 NAS Sackler Colloquium on Mapping Knowledge Domains, Video/Audio
Report, 03/05/11 13th Ann Intl Conf, Soc f Chaos Theory in Psych & Life
Sciences, Boston, MA, USA, 2003/08/08-10 CERN Webcast Service, Streamed videos
of Archived Lectures and Live Events Dean LeBaron's Archive of Daily Video
Commentary, Ongoing Since February 1998 Edge Videos




_________________________________________________________________

20.03. Conference & Call for Papers Announcements






Real-Life Complex Adaptive Systems: Modelling And Control, session in Intl Conf
on Computing, Communications and Control Technologies: CCCT'04, Austin, Texas,
04/08/14-17









Gabriele Leidloff, Ugly Casting 1.4 , Berlin, Germany, 04/08/19-10/08


   Fractals and Natural Hazards at
32nd Intl Geological Congress (IGC), Florence, Italy, 04/08/20-28


Intl Conf on Science of Complex Networks: from Biology
to the Internet and WWW (CNET2004), Aveiro
(Portugal), 04/08/29-09/02




ICCC 2004, IEEE International Conference on Computational Cybernetics,
s
Vienna, Austria, 04/08/30-09/01

  ANTS
  2004, 4th International Workshop on Ant Colony
  Optimization and Swarm Intelligence, Brussels, Belgium,
  04/09/05-08

  Dynamic
  Ontology,
An Inquiry into Systems, Emergence, Levels of Reality,
  and Forms of Causality, Trento, Italy,
  04/09/08-11

  9th
  Intl Conf on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems
  (ALIFE9), Boston, Massachusetts, 04/09/12-15

  Dynamics Days 2004, XXIV Annual Conf,
Palma de Mallorca, Spain, 04/09/13-17

  Neuroeconomics 2004, Charleston, SC, 04/09/16-19

  New Economic Windows 2004: Complexity Hints for Economic Policy, Salerno,
Italy, 04/09/16-18

  The
Verhulst 200 on Chaos, Brussels, BELGIUM, 04/09/16-18

  The
  8th Intl Conf on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
  (PPSN VIII), Birmingham, UK, 04/09/18-22

  The
  Nonlinear Waves in Fluids: Recent Advances and Modern Applications, Udine,
Italy, 04/09/18-22

  XVII Brazilian
  Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Sao Luis, Maranhao -
  Brazil, 04/09/22-24

  3rd Natll Conf on Systems Science ,
Trento (Italy), 04/10/07-09

   TEDMED Conference ,
Charleston SC, 04/10/12-15

  Intl Workshop On Bifurcations In Nonsmooth And Hybrid Dynamical Systems  ,
Milano (Italy), 04/10/21-22

  Wolfram
  Technology Conference, Champaign, Illinois,
  04/10/21-23

  6th Intl Conf on Electronic Commerce
ICEC'2004: Towards A New Services Landscape,  Delft, The Netherlands,
04/10/25-27

   Complexity and Philosophy Workshop - 2-Day Conference ,  Rio de Janeiro,
04/11


ICDM '04: The Fourth IEEE Intl Conf on Data Mining, Brighton, UK, 04/11/01-04

Denaturing Darwin: International Conference on Evolution and Organization
, Amersfoort, The Netherlands, 04/11/12-14


  The 7th Asia-Pacific Complex Systems Conference,  Queensland, Australia,
04/12/06-10

  17th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence,  Queensland,
Australia, 04/12/06-10

Cellular Computing Symposium, U Warwick
(UK), 04/12/09-10

  International Conference On Computational Intelligence (Icci 2004) ,  ,
Istanbul, Turkey, 04/12/15-17


  Kondratieff Waves, Warfare And World Security, NATO Advanced Research
Workshop
, Covilh? Portugal, 05/02/14-17



5th Creativity And Cognition Conference, London.UK, 05/04/12-15

  Powders & Grains 2005, Stuttgart, Germany, 05/06/18-22

  Workshop on Complexity and Policy Analysis, Cork, Ireland, 05/06/22-24


18th International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations (ICNF 2005), Salamanca,
Spain, 05/09/19-23







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