复杂性文摘 NO：2003.17
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Complexity Digest 2003.17 April-27-2003
>
>  Archive:  http://www.comdig.org, European Mirror:  http://www.comdig.de
>
>Asian Mirror:  http://www.phil.pku.edu.cn/resguide/comdig/ (Chinese GB-Code)
>
>"I think the next century will be the century of complexity." Stephen
>Hawking, 2000
>
>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>     1. NASA Satellite Measures Earth's Carbon Metabolism, ScienceDaily
>     2. Ecological Economics At The Crossroads Between Normal And
>         Post-Normal Science, Ecol. Econ.
>          2.1. `Full' World Versus `Empty' World Paradigm At The Time Of
>                 Globalisation, Ecol. Econ.
>     3. On Coalition Formation: Durable Coalition Structures, Math.
>         Social Sc.
>     4. The Power Of Power Laws, The Scientist
>     5. Chaos Theory May Help Explain Patterns Of Alcohol Abuse,
>         ScienceDaily
>     6. Modelling The Dynamics Of Reasoning Processes: Reasoning By
>         Assumption, Cognitive Sys. Res.
>     7. Words Get in the Way, Talk Is Cheap, But It Can Tax Your
>         Memory, Science News
>     8. Wiring the Brain with Insulin, Science
>          8.1. Axons Guided by Insulin Receptor in Drosophila Visual
>                System, Science
>     9. Scientists Discover Unique Source of Postnatal Stem Cells,
>         NIDCR
>          9.1. Baby Teeth Revealed As Source Of Stem Cells,
>                 NewScientist.com
>    10. The Grid: Tomorrow's Computing Today, Nature
>          10.1. Million-User Online Game Previewed, NewScientist.com
>          10.2. Internet Is Losing Ground in Battle Against Spam, NYTimes
>          10.3. Bootstrapping Approach to Lexicon and Ontology Creation,
>                  arXiv
>    11. Wi-Fi's Broken Promise, Darwin Mag
>          11.1. Beyond Wi-Fi, The 5 Next Big Things, Wired
>          11.2. Evolutionary Approach In Personal Communication Networks,
>                  Comp. Communications
>    12. Visualization Approach for Monitoring and Diagnosis of Complex
>         Systems, Information Sciences
>          12.1. Engineers Aim To Make Average Singers Sound Like
>                  Virtuosos, Purdue News
>    13. Colony Insularity Through Queen Control On Worker Social
>          Motivation In Ants, Proc. Biol. Sc.
>    14. Fruit Set Of Highland Coffee Increases With The Diversity Of
>         Pollinating Bees, Proc. Biol. Sc.
>    15. The Scent Of Age, Proc. Biol. Sc.
>    16. Activity Driven Adaptive Stochastic Resonance, Phys. Rev. Lett
>    17. Military Robots To Get Swarm Intelligence, NewScientist.com
>          17.1. Shared Grounding of Event Descriptions by Autonomous
>                  Robots, Robotics and Autonomous Systems
>          17.2. The Unmanned Army, NYTimes
>    18. Seeking Connections: H. Eugene Stanley, Nature
>    19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks
>          19.1. Fate of Prisoners From Afghan War Remains Uncertain,
>                  NYTimes
>          19.2. U.S. Warns Iraqis Against Claiming Authority in Void,
>                  NYTimes
>          19.3. Online, All the Time, an All-Seeing Surveillance System,
>                  NYTimes
>    20. Links & Snippets
>          20.1. Links
>          20.2. Other Publications
>          20.3. Webcast Announcements
>          20.4. Conference & Call for Papers Announcements
>               20.4.1. Public Conference  Calls
>          20.5. ComDig Announcement: New ComDig Archive in Beta Test
>
>
>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>1. NASA Satellite Measures Earth's Carbon Metabolism, ScienceDaily
>
>Excerpts: In honor of the Earth Day celebration, NASA scientists unveiled
>the first consistent and continuous global measurements of Earth's
>"metabolism." This new measurement is called net production because it
>indicates how much carbon dioxide is taken in by vegetation during
>photosynthesis minus how much is given off during respiration.
>"We are literally watching the global garden grow. We now have a regular,
>consistent, calibrated and near-real-time measure of a major component of
>the global carbon cycle for the first time. This measure can also be the
>basis for monitoring the expansion of deserts, the effects of droughts (¡K)."
>
>NASA Satellite Measures Earth's Carbon Metabolism, ScienceDaily & NASA,
>2003/04/24
>Contributed by Atin Das
>
>
>2. Ecological Economics At The Crossroads Between Normal And Post-Normal
>Science,  Ecol. Econ.
>
>Abstract: In this paper we address some potential difficulties ecological
>economics (EE) might be confronted with in its further development. EE has
>evolved with intent to tackle the urgent problems human society faces
>today, in particular the ones related to environmental and ecological
>issues. To deal with such problems, a new concept of science different
>from disciplinary, normal science seems to be necessary. We will present
>post-normal and mode-2 science as two examples of such a concept. The
>importance of this new concept (¡K) lies in the fact that the set of
>values behind it can be seen as a `regulative principle' (¡K).
>A Flower In Full Blossom? Ecological Economics At The Crossroads Between
>Normal And Post-Normal Science, A. Muller, Ecol. Econ., Vol. 45, Issue 1,
>pp:19-27, 2003/04/03, doi:10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00256-2
>Contributed by Pritha Das
>
>
>Abstract: The Mediterranean region is characterised by a high diversity
>mainly due to the integration between natural (land heterogeneity) and
>human (stewardship) processes. Cultural landscapes are the results of such
>coevolutive processes. Plasticity, adaptation to disturbance, and the
>persisting of biological refugia can be considered the most relevant
>factors responsible for the Mediterranean dynamics. In this commentary the
>full world paradigm is presented as an extension of the concept of
>resilience and ascendancy to propose a new grammar that incorporates
>self-organisation of natural and human dominated systems into a process of
>diffuse globalisation of economics and human behaviour.
>`Full' World Versus `Empty' World Paradigm At The Time Of Globalisation,
>A. Farin, A.R.Johnson, S. J. Turner & A. Belgrano, Ecol. Econ., Vol. 45,
>Issue 1, pp:11-18, 2003/03/25, doi:10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00255-0
>Contributed by Pritha Das
>
>
>3. On Coalition Formation: Durable Coalition Structures, Math. Social Sc.
>
>Abstract: We define a solution to the problem of coalition formation (¡K).
>Coalition structures satisfying our requirements are called durable, and
>we interpret them as much more likely to last than those coalition
>structures not satisfying the requirements, which we call transient.
>Durability results from a combination of foresight and extreme risk
>aversion on the part of agents, when considering to join others to disrupt
>an existing structure in search of higher gains. Agents' calculations are
>also constrained to satisfy a strong consistency requirement, which is
>reflected in the recursive structure of our definition.
>On Coalition Formation: Durable Coalition Structures, S. Barberaa & A.
>Gerber , Math. Social Sc., Vol. 45, Issue 2, 2003/03/28, pp:185-203,
>doi:10.1016/S0165-4896(03)00025-8
>Contributed by Pritha Das
>
>
>4. The Power Of Power Laws, The Scientist
>
>Excerpts: Resources enter the blood stream via surfaces--the gut lining
>for nutrients and water, and the alveoli of the lungs for oxygen. The key
>point, and source of the fourth dimension, is the fact that the
>terminating units through which resources pass into the blood stream, (¡K)
>The total area of resource exchange, (¡K), therefore scales in three
>dimensions.
>(¡K) The total blood volume is then a product of the terminating unit's
>total area, which scales in three dimensions, and the average distance
>between source and destination, which scales in one.
>
>The Power Of Power Laws: A Multidisciplinary Team Finds That When It Comes
>To Scales, A Fourth Dimension Is Applicable To All Living Things, Philip
>Hunter, The Scientist, Volume 17, Issue 8, 22, 03/04/21
>
>
>5. Chaos Theory May Help Explain Patterns Of Alcohol Abuse, Studies
>Suggest, ScienceDaily
>
>Excerpts: Chaos theory, which helps scientists understand complex systems
>such as weather patterns and the stock market, may also help shed light on
>the dynamics of alcohol abuse (¡K) used techniques of chaos theory to do a
>case study of the drinking patterns of an alcohol abuser over several
>years. (¡K) the results suggest that alcohol abusers may show signs of
>improvement that are really just part of the natural cycle of their
>disease and not indicative of true recovery. They analyzed the data and
>created various time series ¡V including daily, weekly and monthly ¡V to
>determine patterns in his drinking.
>Chaos Theory May Help Explain Patterns Of Alcohol Abuse, Studies Suggest,
>ScienceDaily & Ohio State University, 2003/04/22
>Contributed by Atin Das
>
>
>6. Modelling The Dynamics Of Reasoning Processes: Reasoning By Assumption,
>Cognitive Sys. Res.
>
>Abstract: To model the dynamics of cognitive processes, often the
>dynamical systems theory (DST) is advocated. However, for higher cognitive
>processes such as reasoning and certain forms of natural language
>processing the techniques adopted within DST are not very adequate. This
>paper shows how an analysis of the dynamics of reasoning processes can be
>made using (¡K) temporal traces consisting of sequences of reasoning
>states over time to describe reasoning processes. It is shown for the
>example reasoning pattern `reasoning by assumption', how relevant dynamic
>properties can be identified and expressed using a temporal trace language.
>Modelling The Dynamics Of Reasoning Processes: Reasoning By Assumption, C.
>M. Jonker & J. Treur, Cognitive Sys. Res., Vol. 4, Issue 2, pp:119-136,
>June 2003, doi:10.1016/S1389-0417(02)00102-X
>Contributed by Pritha Das
>
>
>7. Words Get in the Way, Talk Is Cheap, But It Can Tax Your Memory,
>Science News
>
>Excerpts: Law-enforcement officials typically solicit descriptions of
>criminals from eyewitnesses, often just after an offense has occurred.
>(¡K) Eyewitnesses can then pick the criminals out of a lineup. (¡K) A
>series of laboratory studies found that memories for a mock criminal's
>face were much poorer among eyewitnesses who had described what the
>perpetrator looked like shortly after seeing him, compared with those who
>hadn't.
>Psychologist Jonathan W. Schooler of the University of Pittsburgh, who
>directed the studies, dubbed this effect "verbal overshadowing of visual
>memories."
>
>Words Get In The Way, Talk Is Cheap, But It Can Tax Your Memory, Bruce
>Bower, Science News, Vol. 163, No. 16 , 03/04/19
>
>
>8. Wiring the Brain with Insulin, Science
>
>Excerpts: Insulin's most important task is to control blood glucose
>levels, (¡K). Insulin and its relatives are also produced in the brain,
>where they are thought to promote neuronal survival and modulate synaptic
>transmission. (¡K) insulin signaling is also essential for ensuring that
>the nervous system is wired correctly during development.
>Song et al. (1) present evidence that insulin signaling contributes to
>guidance of photoreceptor cell axons from the retina to the brain during
>development of the visual system in the fruit fly Drosophila.
>
>Wiring the Brain with Insulin, Barry J. Dickson, Science Apr 18 2003: 440-441
>
>
>Excerpts: Insulin receptors are abundant in the central nervous system,
>but their roles remain elusive. Here we show that the insulin receptor
>functions in axon guidance. (...)
>Insulin receptors in the central nervous system have been implicated in
>control of food uptake, learning, and memory, and pathophysiologies such
>as Alzheimer's disease . Drosophila harbor one receptor tyrosine kinase of
>the insulin receptor family (7-9), which avoids genetic redundancy in
>mammals that have three members of the insulin receptor family .
>
>Axons Guided by Insulin Receptor in Drosophila Visual System, Jianbo Song,
>Lingling Wu, Zun Chen, Ronald A. Kohanski, and Leslie Pick, Science 2003
>300: 502-505
>
>
>9. Scientists Discover Unique Source of Postnatal Stem Cells, NIDCR
>
>Excerpts: Scientists report for the first time that ¡§baby¡¨ teeth, the
>temporary teeth that children begin losing around their sixth birthday,
>contain a rich supply of stem cells in their dental pulp. The researchers
>say this unexpected discovery could have important implications because
>the stem cells remain alive inside the tooth for a short time after it
>falls out of a child¡¦s mouth, suggesting the cells could be readily
>harvested for research. According to the scientists, who published their
>findings online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of
>Sciences1, the stem cells are unique compared to many ¡§adult¡¨ stem cells
>in the body. They are long lived, grow rapidly in culture, and, with
>careful prompting in the laboratory, have the potential to induce the
>formation of specialized dentin, bone, and neuronal cells. If followup
>studies extend these initial findings, the scientists speculate they may
>have identified an important and easily accessible source of stem cells
>that possibly could be manipulated to repair damaged teeth, induce the
>regeneration of bone, and treat neural injury or disease.
>Scientists Discover Unique Source of Postnatal Stem Cells, Nick Lamb,
>2003-04-21, NIDCR
>Contributed by Nadia Gershenson
>
>
>Excerpts: (¡K) teeth are a source of stem cells. The cells could help
>repair damaged teeth and perhaps even treat neural injuries or
>degenerative diseases.
>Currently, researchers can isolate two types of stem cells. Embryonic stem
>cells can develop into any cell in the body, but their harvesting requires
>the destruction of embryos, which pro-life groups oppose. Adult stem cells
>avoid this problem, but have more limited abilities. Now it appears that
>the stem cells from children's lost teeth could provide an intermediate
>and easily accessible source.
>
>Baby Teeth Revealed As Source Of Stem Cells, NewScientist.com, 03/04/21
>
>
>10. The Grid: Tomorrow's Computing Today, Nature
>
>Excerpts: The physics lab that gave us the World Wide Web is now gearing
>up to make the first practical deployment of the Internet's next big
>thing: the Grid. (...) From an ordinary-looking Linux PC, you submit a
>supercomputing job in high-energy physics. A few hours later, the Grid
>tells you the results are ready. To be frank, I'm underwhelmed. (¡K)
>"Grids will have succeeded when they become invisible to the user; when we
>stop talking about them," he says.
>The Grid: Tomorrow's Computing Today, Declan Butler, Nature 422, 799-800
>(24 April 2003); doi:10.1038/422799a
>
>
>Excerpts: Creating a large virtual world that does not repeat itself is
>very time consuming and hence expensive (¡K). The large multiplayer games
>currently online usually take one world and then repeat it. For example,
>the game Everquest supports 450,000 users, but is split into 32 segregated
>segments.
>In contrast, Rekonstruction will aim to provide up to a million users with
>a single unique world. To try to overcome the problem of creating the vast
>amount of unique content needed, automated programs will be employed to
>generate the virtual world (¡K).
>
>Million-User Online Game Previewed, NewScientist.com, 03/04/25
>
>
>Excerpt: In the cat-and-mouse game of e-mail marketers and those trying to
>stop them, the spammers are still winning.
>
>So far, nothing that has been tried to block spam has done much more than
>inconvenience mass e-mailers. Just as Ms. Sachs's company,
>NetGlobalMarketing, has been able to reword its e-mail to evade spam
>filters, others use even more aggressive tricks to disguise the content of
>their messages and to send them via circuitous paths so their true origin
>cannot be determined.
>
>Internet Is Losing Ground in Battle Against Spam, Saul Hansell, NYTimes,
>03/04/22
>
>Abstract: It is very costly to build up lexical resources and domain
>ontologies. Especially when confronted with a new application domain
>lexical gaps and a poor coverage of domain concepts are a problem for the
>successful exploitation of natural language document analysis systems that
>need and exploit such knowledge sources. In this paper we report about
>ongoing experiments with `bootstrapping techniques' for lexicon and
>ontology creation.
>Contributing Editor's Note: "Ontologies" specify conceptializations, so
>that software agents can "understand" the semantic content of a document.
>Until now, most ontologies are being created manually, but this is far
>from practical, especially taking into consideration the aims of the
>Semantic Web. Algorithms for ontology creation are a necessary step in the
>development of the "next generation" Internet.
>
>Bootstrapping Approach to Lexicon and Ontology Creation, Dietmar Roesner,
>Manuela Kunze, 2003-04-23, DOI: cs.CL/0304035, arXiv
>Contributed by Carlos Gershenson
>
>
>11. Wi-Fi's Broken Promise, Darwin Mag
>
>Excerpts: For now, any service provider that uses equipment certified by
>the Wi-Fi Alliance will earn the right to display the Wi-Fi Zone logo.
>Users will be able to visit http://www.wi-fizone.org to locate hot spots
>in their hometowns or traveling destinations, (¡K).
>The idea is to have a universally recognized logo that anyone can see and
>know that wireless Internet service is available at a location, similar to
>the way a telephone logo identifies a phone booth (¡K).
>
>Wi-Fi's Broken Promise, So far, its vision for the future has remained
>so-so. Tom Krazit, Darwin Mag, April 2003
>
>
>Excerpt: Software-defined radios can reconfigure themselves automatically
>to recognize and communicate with each other. This could impose order on
>the current Babel-like chaos of competing wireless standards (CDMA, GSM,
>TDMA, and countless others), transforming today's rigid networks into
>nimble, open systems. The big payoff: improved system performance, cheaper
>service cost, and seamless roaming. With instant reprogramming, you can
>carry a single gadget for multiple uses. A cell phone becomes a garage
>door opener, which morphs into a mobile gaming device, which then -
>presto! - turns itself into a TV remote.
>Beyond Wi-Fi, The 5 Next Big Things, Xeni Jardin, Unwired - A Wired
>Special Report - May 2003
>
>Abstract: This paper proposes an evolutionary approach to solve the
>problem of assigning cells to switches in the planning phase of mobile
>cellular networks. Well-known in the literature as an NP-hard
>combinatorial optimization problem, this problem requires the recourse to
>heuristic methods, which can practically lead to good feasible solutions,
>not necessarily optimal, the objective being rather to reduce the
>convergence time toward these solutions. Computational results obtained
>from extensive tests confirm the effectiveness of this approach to provide
>good solutions to problems of a certain size.
>Evolutionary Approach To Optimize The Assignment Of Cells To Switches In
>Personal Communication Networks, A.Quintero & S. Pierre, Comp.
>Communications, Vol. 26, Issue 9, pp:927-938, 2003/06/02,
>doi:10.1016/S0140-3664(02)00238-4
>Contributed by Atin Das
>
>
>12. Visualization Approach for Monitoring and Diagnosis of Complex
>Systems, Information Sciences
>
>Abstract: This paper aims to describe the prospective methodology
>(Pictorial Analysis) of a human¡Vcomputer interaction capable to select
>and adjust visual representations for better feature and pattern
>selection. As an adequate tool for on-line monitoring and diagnosis of
>very complex systems which require human supervision in addition to the
>computerized one, our approach exploits human capabilities of pattern
>recognition in doing data analysis and selecting appropriate
>representations, features and class descriptions by means of interactive
>human¡Vcomputer learning. It is based on the analysis of multidimensional
>relations through transforming the initial data (heterogeneous arrays,
>signals and fields) into artificial pictures. Practical applications of
>this approach prove it extremely useful in critical areas of safety, such
>as flight control, power plant monitoring, etc.
>Pictorial Analysis: a Multi-resolution Data Visualization Approach for
>Monitoring and Diagnosis of Complex Systems, V. G. Grishin, A. S. Sula,
>Mihaela Ulieru, 2003-06, DOI: 10.1016/S0020-0255(03)00044-6, Information
>Sciences 152, pp.1-24
>Contributed by Carlos Gershenson
>
>Excerpts: Karaoke may never be the same, thanks to research being
>presented in Nashville detailing the latest findings in efforts to create
>a computerized system that makes average singers sound like professionals.
>(...)
>Far more work is needed before the system is finished, Smith said. He said
>the specialized programs are, however, able to alter certain important
>characteristics of a person's voice, such as pitch, duration, and
>"vibrato," or the modulation in frequency produced by professional singers.
>
>(...) using a mathematical method called the fast Fourier transform (...)
>
>Engineers Aim To Make Average Singers Sound Like Virtuosos, Purdue News,
>03/04/23
>
>
>13. Colony Insularity Through Queen Control On Worker Social Motivation In
>Ants, Proc. Biol. Sc.
>
>Abstract: We investigated the relative contribution of the queen and
>workers to colony nestmate recognition cues (¡K). Workers were either
>individually isolated, preventing contact with both queen and workers
>(colonial deprived, CD), kept in queenless groups, allowing only
>worker-worker interactions (queen deprived, QD) or in queenright (QR)
>groups. Two weeks post-separation QD and QR workers were amicable towards
>each other but both rejected their CD nestmates, which suggests that the
>queen does not measurably influence the colony recognition cues.
>Therefore, while workers supply and blend the recognition signal, the
>queen affects worker-worker interaction by reducing social motivation and
>tolerance of alien conspecifics.
>Colony Insularity Through Queen Control On Worker Social Motivation In
>Ants, R. Boulay, T. Katzav-Gozansky, R. K. Vander Meer & A. Hefetz, Proc.
>Biol. Sc., Vol. 270, No 1518, pp:971-977, 2003/05/07, DOI:
>10.1098/rspb.2002.2325
>Contributed by Atin Das
>
>
>14. Fruit Set Of Highland Coffee Increases With The Diversity Of
>Pollinating Bees, Proc. Biol. Sc.
>
>Abstract: The worldwide decline of pollinators may negatively affect the
>fruit set of wild and cultivated plants. Here, we show that fruit set of
>the self-fertilizing highland coffee (Coffea arabica) is highly variable
>and related to bee pollination. In a comparison of 24 agroforestry systems
>in Indonesia, the fruit set of coffee could be predicted by the number of
>flower-visiting bee species, and it ranged from ca. 60% (three species) to
>90% (20 species). Diversity, not abundance, explained variation in fruit
>set, so the collective role of a species-rich bee community was important
>for pollination success.
>Fruit Set Of Highland Coffee Increases With The Diversity Of Pollinating
>Bees, A. M. Klein, I. S. Dewenter & T. Tscharntke, Proc. Biol. Sc., Vol.
>270, No 1518, pp:955-961, 2003/05/07, DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2002.2306
>Contributed by Atin Das
>
>
>15. The Scent Of Age, Proc. Biol. Sc.
>
>Abstract: In many species, older males are often preferred mates because
>they carry 'good' genes that account for their viability. How females
>discern a male's age is a matter of question. However, for animals that
>rely heavily on chemical communication there is some indication that an
>animal's age can be determined by its scent. To investigate (¡K) mice were
>trained in a Y-maze to discriminate urine odours of donor mice of
>different ages: Adult (3-10 months old) and Aged (more than 17 months
>old). Trained mice could discriminate between these two age groups by
>odour alone.
>The Scent Of Age, K. Osada, K. Yamazaki, M. Curran, J. Bard, B. P. C.
>Smith & G. K. Beauchamp, Proc. Biol. Sc., Vol. 270, No 1518, pp:929-933,
>2003/05/07, DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2002.2308
>Contributed by Atin Das
>
>
>16. Activity Driven Adaptive Stochastic Resonance, Phys. Rev. Lett
>
>Abstract: Cortical neurons in vivo show fluctuations in their membrane
>potential of the order of several millivolts. Using simple and
>biophysically realistic models of a single neuron we demonstrate that
>noise induced fluctuations can be used to adaptively optimize the
>sensitivity of the neuron's output to ensembles of subthreshold inputs of
>different average strengths. Optimal information transfer is achieved by
>changing the strength of the noise such that the neuron's average firing
>rate remains constant. Adaptation is fast, because only crude estimates of
>the output rate are required at any time.
>Activity Driven Adaptive Stochastic Resonance, G. Wenning & K. Obermayer,
>Phys. Rev. Lett. 90,120602, 2003/03/27, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.120602
>Contributed by Atin Das
>
>
>17. Military Robots To Get Swarm Intelligence, NewScientist.com
>
>Excerpts: A battalion of 120 military robots is to be fitted with swarm
>intelligence software to enable them to mimic the organised behaviour of
>insects. (¡K)
>  The project is run by US software company Icosystems, which specialises
> in creating programs that mimic behaviours found in nature. Their
> software will use simple rules to co-ordinate complex behaviour among the
> robots. (¡K) The 120 robots were built for the US military by I-Robot, a
> company co-founded by robotics pioneer Rodney Brooks.
>
>(¡K)unforeseen circumstance could throw the robots into chaos.
>
>Military Robots To Get Swarm Intelligence, NewScientist.com, 03/04/25
>
>
>Abstract: The paper describes a system for open-ended communication by
>autonomous robots about event descriptions anchored in reality through the
>robot's sensori-motor apparatus. The events are dynamic and agents must
>continually track changing situations at multiple levels of detail through
>their vision system. We are specifically concerned with the question how
>grounding can become shared through the use of external (symbolic)
>representations, such as natural language expressions.
>See Also: Robotics and Autonomous Systems Volume 43, Issues 2-3:
>Perceptual Anchoring: Anchoring Symbols to Sensor Data in Single and
>Multiple Robot Systems
>
>Shared Grounding of Event Descriptions by Autonomous Robots, Luc Steels,
>Jean-Christophe Baillie, 2003-05-31, DOI: 10.1016/S0921-8890(02)00357-3,
>Robotics and Autonomous Systems 43(2-3):163-173
>Contributed by Carlos Gershenson
>
>
>Excerpts: For the Joint Chiefs, the fog of war was lifted to a much
>greater extent. The trillions of megabytes of real-time data that flowed
>from the front lines to mission control were an exponential increase over
>transmissions in the 1991 campaign, giving generals (¡K) as far away as
>the Pentagon virtually unprecedented knowledge of battle conditions,
>resistance, losses and enemy positions. Decisions could be made more
>remotely, field commanders observed more closely and middlemen effectively
>cut out of the chain of command for the sake of speed and efficiency.
>The Unmanned Army, Matthew Brzezinski, NYTimes, 03/04/20
>
>
>18. Seeking Connections: H. Eugene Stanley, Nature
>
>Excerpt: You have the audience in your hands, but some smart-alec asks you
>the killer question you have no idea how to answer. What's your response?
>I would simply admit that I had no idea how to answer the question, throw
>it open to the audience and invite participants to discuss it later on.
>After all, the right question can lead to something new.
>
>What book currently resides on your bedside table?
>
>None. I do not read books. Especially not in bed.
>
>Seeking Connections: H. Eugene Stanley, Seeking connections: H. Eugene
>Stanley, Nature 422, 819 (24 April 2003); doi:10.1038/422819a
>
>
>19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks
>
>Excerpts: Many international lawyers have argued that the United States is
>obliged under the Geneva conventions to hold tribunals to determine
>whether the detainees are prisoners of war. If they are, they contend,
>they should have been released when the fighting in Afghanistan ended. But
>the United States says the Guantanamo inmates are "unlawful combatants,"
>and do not qualify for prisoner-of-war status. (¡K)
>"The U.S. has paid a huge price in international opinion," he said. "In
>Britain, people see Guantanamo as a symbol of American defiance of
>international norms."
>
>Fate of Prisoners From Afghan War Remains Uncertain, Neil A. Lewis,
>NYTimes, 03/04/24
>
>
>Excerpts: The American military moved today to strip Baghdad's
>self-appointed administrator of his authority and warned Iraqi factions
>not to take advantage of the confusion and the political void in the
>country by trying to grab power.
>Lt. Gen. David McKiernan, the commander of ground forces in Iraq, issued a
>proclamation putting Iraq's politicians on notice, saying, "The coalition
>alone retains absolute authority within Iraq." He warned that anyone
>challenging the American-led authority would be subject to arrest. (...)
>
>"Nobody has authority unless General McKiernan says so,"
>
>U.S. Warns Iraqis Against Claiming Authority in Void, Michael R. Gordon,
>John Kifner, NYTimes, 03/04/24
>
>
>Excerpts: (...) ease with which the high-tech surveillance cameras can be
>set up and used worries people who are concerned about the invasion of
>privacy. (¡K) network of cameras mounted at busy intersections, in the
>subway system and at tourist sites like the National Mall.
>The system, which is activated during heightened terror alerts, allows the
>authorities to manipulate the cameras so they can, (¡K), pan and zoom in
>on activity they consider suspicious. The remote access also means that
>officers can view images on computer monitors installed in squad cars.
>
>Online, All the Time, an All-Seeing Surveillance System, Jeffrey Selingo,
>NYTimes, 03/04/24
>
>
>20. Links & Snippets
>
>20.1 Other Publications
>
>Mosquito Bite as Suicide Mission, Deborah Hill, Science Now, 03/04/17 Half
>of the mosquitoes that then sampled these animals' blood died within 7 days.
>The Cytoskeleton, Cellular Motility And The Reductionist Agenda, Thomas D.
>Pollard, Nature 422, 741 - 745 (2003); doi:10.1038/nature01598
>Animal Behaviour: Wise Fathers, John D. Reynolds And Ben C. Sheldon,
>Nature 422, 669 - 670 (2003); doi:10.1038/422669a
>Decisions About Parental Care In Response To Perceived Paternity, Bryan D.
>Neff, Nature 422, 716 - 719 (2003); doi:10.1038/nature01528
>Medicine: Collateral Damage Repaired, Lawrence Steinman, Nature 422, 671 -
>672 (2003); doi:10.1038/422671a
>Now Digital, Spy Camera Technology Widens Gaze, Laurie J. Flynn, NYTimes,
>03/04/21, The use of surveillance cameras is surging, driven by new
>digital technology, falling prices and terrorism jitters.
>Planet Formation: Worlds Apart, Dan Falk, Nature 422, 659 - 660 (2003);
>doi:10.1038/422659a
>If a Neuron Fires in the Woods ..., Ricki Lewis, ,The Scientist, Volume
>17, Issue 8, 22, 03/04/21, Jack Cowan, a University of Chicago math
>professor, is taking a new view of neural activity--based on forest fire
>dynamics.
>Pentagon Sending a Team of Exiles to Help Run Iraq, Douglas Jehl, Jane
>Perlez, The exiles are supposed to take up positions at each of 23 Iraqi
>ministries, where they will work with U.S. and British officials.
>Cleric in Iran Says Shiites Must Act, Craig S. Smith, A religious edict
>urged mullahs "to seize the first possible opportunity to fill the power
>vacuum in the administration of Iraqi cities."
>Unusually Long And Aligned 'Buckytubes' Grown At Duke, Duke University
>Release, 03/04/22
>Why the Mullahs Love a Revolution, Dilip Hiro, If the Bush administration
>truly hopes to see a "liberated" Iraq, stepping down as power broker might
>be the only option.
>Virus Cleans Up Food Poisoning Bug, New Scientist, 03/04/23
>Climatologists Give Waterworld Warning For Earth, NewScientist.com, 03/04/26
>International: France Brushes Off Powell Comments, Defends Anti-War
>Stance, Brian Knowlton,NYTimes, 03/04/23, French officials responded
>brusquely today to comments by Secretary of State Colin L. Powell that
>France would be made to suffer for its opposition to the war in Iraq.
>Who Knows What When and How?, Jeremy Epstein, Darwin, April 2003
>Customer Metrics That Matter, Bruce Guptill, Optimize, April 2003
>Opinion: What Is it Good For?, Bob Herbert, NYTimes, 03/04/21, The blatant
>war-mongering followed immediately by profiteering raises questions about
>the real reasons Americans have been fighting in Iraq.
>Business: Creative Deal or Highflying Pork?, Leslie Wayne, NYTimes,
>03/04/20, An extraordinary aircraft-leasing plan by Boeing and the Air
>Force proposes to employ the kind of off-the-books financing made infamous
>by Enron.
>A Nation at War: Role for U.N., or Not, Iraqi Leaders' Whereabouts,
>Anthony DePalma, NYTimes, 03/04/19, With mounting pressure for the United
>States to hand over authority to Iraqis, there were complex political
>struggles over who the new local leaders should be.
>Business: Lockheed Wins Huge Sale to Poland With Complex Deal, John
>Tagliabue, NYTimes, 03/04/19, Poland signed contracts to pay $3.5 billion
>for F-16 fighter jets in exchange for a $6.3 billion package of
>investments in the country.
>Arts: I Feel, Therefore I Am, Emily Eakin, NYTimes, 03/04/19, Scientists
>have begun to approach consciousness in more Spinozist terms: as a complex
>and indivisible mind-brain-body system.
>A New Account of Personalization and Effective Communication, Douglas A.
>Galbi, 2003-04-22, DOI: cs.HC/0304033, arXiv
>A Cellular Automata Model for Cell Differentiation, H. S. Silva, M. L.
>Martins, 2003-05-1, DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)01807-1, Physica A:
>Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 322:555-566
>A Hierarchy of Languages, Logics, and Mathematical Theories, Kastner,
>Charles W., 2003-04-15, CogPrints
>Small Spans in Scaled Dimension, John M. Hitchcock, 2003-04-22, arXiv
>"I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't do that": Linguistics, Statistics, and
>Natural Language Processing circa 2001, Lillian Lee, 2003-04-21, arXiv
>Whitehead Method and Genetic Algorithms, Alexei D. Miasnikov, Alexei G.
>Myasnikov, 2003-04-20, arXiv
>Transforming the Structure of Network Interconnection and Transport,
>Douglas A. Galbi, 2003-04-22, arXiv
>Coinfection and Superinfection in RNA Virus Populations: a
>Selection¡VMutation Model, Joan Saldana, Santiago F. Elena and Ricard V.
>Sole, 2003-06, Mathematical Biosciences, 183(2):135-160
>Is Modularity Necessary for Evolvability? Remarks on the Relationship
>Between Pleiotropy and Evolvability, Thomas F. Hansen, 2003-05, Biosystems
>69(2-3):83-94
>Evolution of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus, Esteban Domingo, et al.,
>2003-01, Virus Research, 91(1):47-63
>Reductions In Total Body Fat Decrease Humoral Immunity, G. E. Demas, D. L.
>Drazen & R. J. Nelson, Proc. Biol. Sc., Vol. 270, No 1518, pp:905-911,
>2003/05/07, DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2003.2341
>A Private Ultraviolet Channel In Visual Communication, M. E. Cummings, G.
>G. Rosenthal & M. J. Ryan, Proc. Biol. Sc., Vol. 270, No 1518, pp:897-904,
>2003/05/07, DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2003.2334
>Island-Finding Ability Of Marine Turtles, G. C. Hays, S. Akesson, A. C.
>Broderick, F. Glen, B. J. Godley, F. Papi & P. Luschi, Alphagalileo &
>Biol. Lett.,  2003/04/17
> From Wireless To Wearable Technology, M. Banerjee, Alphagalileo, 2003/04/23
>Missing Protein Is Double-edged Sword In Cancer Development, ScienceDaily
>& Ohio State University, 2003/04/22
>Whale Study Links Genetics And Reproductive Success; Researchers Compare
>Reproduction Rates In North Atlantic Whales With Genetic Variation,
>ScienceDaily & Wildlife Conservation Society, 2003/04/23
>Time-Depe ndent Random Walks And The Theory Of Complex Adaptive Systems,
>S. Hod, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90,128701,2003/03/25,
>doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.128701
>NSF Researchers To Help Modern Organizations Adapt And Respond In The
>Information Age, ScienceDaily & National Science Foundation, 2003/04/24
>
>
>20.3 Coming and Ongoing Webcasts
>
>Uncertainty and Surprise: Questions on Working with the Unexpected and
>Unknowable, The University of Texas Austin, Texas USA, 03/04/10-12
>Autonomous Agents, Stuart Kauffman, FRIAM Group sponsored Applied
>Complexity Lecture Series at the Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, 03/03/13
>New Trends In Industrial Partnership And Innovation Management At European
>Research Laboratories, CERN, Geneva, 03/03/19 (with webcast)
>CERN Webcast Service, Streamed videos of Archived Lectures and Live Events
>"New Frontiers of Neuroscience" Symposium, Taipei, Taiwan, 03/03/07
>Television & Children's Media Policy: Where Do We Go From Here?,
>Washinghton, DC, 03/02/28, c-span, (clip12657), 1:35
>INSC 2003, International Nonlinear Sciences Conference, Vienna, Austria,
>03/02/07-09
>World Economic Forum Meeting "Building Trust", Davos, Switzerland,
>03/01/23-28
>2002 Financial Management Conference, 02/10/16-19
>Artificial Life Conference (A-Life 8), Sydney, Australia, 02/12/09-13
>Dean LeBaron's Archive of Daily Video Commentary, Ongoing Since February 1998
>
>
>20.4 Conference Announcements & Call for Papers
>
>Agent-Based Simulation 4, Montpellier, France, 03/04/28-30
>Managing Complex Organizations in a Complex World, Cambridge, MA, 03/05/01-02
>NAS Sackler Colloquium on Mapping Knowledge Domains, The Beckman Center,
>Irvine, CA, 03/05/09-11
>Understanding Complex Systems Symposium, UIUC, Urbana-Champaign, Il,
>03/05/19-21
>The Opening of Systems Theory, Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, DK,
>03/05/23-25
>Innovating Strategy Processes: Concepts, Experiences And Experiments,
>Storrs, Connecticut U.S.A. 03/05/25-28
>SPIE's 1st Intl Symp on Fluctuations and Noise, Santa Fe, NM, 03/06/01-04
>The First International Workshop on "Socio-Cognitive Grids: The Net as a
>Universal Human Resource", Santorini, Greece, 03/06/01-04
>21st ICDE World Conf on Open Learning and Distance Education, Hong Kong,
>03/06/01-05
>The Co-Revolutionary Competition An Alternative War Game Inspired By The
>New Sciences, Newport, RI, 03/06/03-05
>Summer School on Nonlinear Phenomena In Computational Chemical Physics,
>Barcelona, Spain, 03/06/09-14
>17th Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Simulation (PADS 2003), San
>Diego, California, 03/06/10-13
>One-Week Intensive Course: Complex Physical, Biological and Social
>Systems, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 03/06/16-20
>2003 Summer Computer Simulation Conference (SCSC '03), Montreal, Canada,
>03/06/20-24
>5th Intl Conf "Symmetry in Nonlinear Mathematical Physics", Kiev, Ukraine,
>03/06/23-29, Mirror
>Workshops of Dynamical Systems with Applications to Biology, Hsinchu,
>Taiwan, 03/06/24-28
>UQAM Summer Institute in Cognitive Sciences 2003: Categorization In
>Cognitive Sciences, Montreal, 03/06/30-07/11
>47th Meeting of the Intl Soc for the System Sciences: Conscious Evolution
>Of Humanity: Using Systems Thinking To Construct Agoras Of The Global
>Village, Iraklion, Crete, Greec, 03/07/07-11
>9th International Conference on Auditory Display, Boston, MA, 03/07/07-09,
>Wkshp on Assistive Technologies for the Blind, 03/07/06
>2003 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2003),
>Chicago, IL,03/07/12-16
>2nd Intl Joint Conf on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
>(AAMAS-2003), Melbourne, Australia, 03/07/14-18
>7th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics (SCI
>2003), Orlando, Florida, 03/07/27-30
>Intl Conf on Socio Political Informatics and Cybernetics: SPIC '03,
>Orlando, Fl, USA, 03/07/31-08/02
>13th Annual International Conference, Soc f Chaos Theory in Psych & Life
>Sciences,Boston, MA, USA, 03/08/08-10
>Call for Papers on Dynamical Hierarchies, Special Issue of Artificial
>Life, Deadline: 03/09/05
>1st German Conference on Multiagent System Technologies (MATES'03),
>Erfurt, Germany, 03/09/22-25
>7th European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL-2003), Dortmund, Germany,
>03/09/14-17
>2003 IEEE/WIC Intl Joint Conf. Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent
>Technology, Beijing, China, 03/10/13-17
>ICDM '03: The Third IEEE International Conference on Data Mining,
>Melbourne, Florida, USA, 03/11/19-22
>3rd International Workshop on Meta-Synthesis and Complex System,
>Guangzhou, China, 03/11/29-30
>2nd International Workshop on the Mathematics and Algorithms of Social
>Insects, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; 03/12/15-17
>Fractal 2004, "Complexity and Fractals in Nature", 8th Intl
>Multidisciplinary Conf , Vancouver, Canada, 04/04/04-07
>Fifth International Conference on Complex Systems (ICCS2004), Boston, MA,
>USA, 04/05/16-21
>
>
>20.4.1 Public Conference  Calls
>
>PlexusCalls: "Surprise! Surprise!", McDaniel, Reuben, Audio File Available
>Now, mp3
>Complexity And Medical Practice, Pat Rush & Bob Lindberg, PlexusCalls,
>03/01/10, Audio File Available Now, mp3
>John Holland in Conversation, PlexusCalls, - Audio File Available Now, mp3
>Are Disease and Aging Information/Complexity Loss Syndromes?, PlexusCalls,
>02/11/08, 1 - 2 pm EST (To learn more about Ary Goldberger¡¦s work and
>HeartSongs, Music of the Heart.) Audio File Available Now, mp3
>Brenda Zimmerman in Conversation, PlexusCalls, Audio File Available Now, mp3
>The Complexity of Entrepreneurship: A Launchcyte Story, Tom Petzinger,
>PlexusCalls, 02/11/22, Audio File Available Now, mp3
>A Practical and Appreciative Approach to Complex and Chronic Challenges,
>Keith McCandless, PlexusCalls, Jan 2003, Audio File Available Now, mp3
>
>
>20.5 ComDig Announcement: New ComDig Archive in Beta Test
>
>We are in the process of upgrading the Complexity Digest archives to a
>format with improved search capabilities. Also, we will finally be able to
>adequately publish the valuable feedback and comments from our
>knowledgable readers. You are cordially invited to become a beta tester of
>our new ComDig2 archive.
>
>
>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Complexity Digest <http://www.comdig.org/>  is an independent publication
>available to organizations that may wish to repost ComDig to their own
>mailing lists. ComDig
>is published by Dean LeBaron <http://www.deanlebaron.com/index.html>  and
>edited by Gottfried J. Mayer
><http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/g/x/gxm21/> . For individual e-mail
>subscriptions send requests to: subscriptions@comdig.org